ANS is committed to advancing, fostering, and promoting the development and application of nuclear sciences and technologies to benefit society.
Explore the many uses for nuclear science and its impact on energy, the environment, healthcare, food, and more.
Explore membership for yourself or for your organization.
Conference Spotlight
2025 ANS Winter Conference & Expo
November 9–12, 2025
Washington, DC|Washington Hilton
Standards Program
The Standards Committee is responsible for the development and maintenance of voluntary consensus standards that address the design, analysis, and operation of components, systems, and facilities related to the application of nuclear science and technology. Find out What’s New, check out the Standards Store, or Get Involved today!
Latest Magazine Issues
Sep 2025
Jan 2025
Latest Journal Issues
Nuclear Science and Engineering
September 2025
Nuclear Technology
Fusion Science and Technology
October 2025
Latest News
Empowering the next generation: ANS’s newest book focuses on careers in nuclear energy
A new career guide for the nuclear energy industry is now available: The Nuclear Empowered Workforce by Earnestine Johnson. Drawing on more than 30 years of experience across 16 nuclear facilities, Johnson offers a practical, insightful look into some of the many career paths available in commercial nuclear power. To mark the release, Johnson sat down with Nuclear News for a wide-ranging conversation about her career, her motivation for writing the book, and her advice for the next generation of nuclear professionals.
When Johnson began her career at engineering services company Stone & Webster, she entered a field still reeling from the effects of the Three Mile Island incident in 1979, nearly 15 years earlier. Her hiring cohort was the first group of new engineering graduates the company had brought on since TMI, a reflection of the industry-wide pause in nuclear construction. Her first long-term assignment—at the Millstone site in Waterford, Conn., helping resolve design issues stemming from TMI—marked the beginning of a long and varied career that spanned positions across the country.
Shashi Kant Verma
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 80 | Number 5 | July 2024 | Pages 623-635
Review Article | doi.org/10.1080/15361055.2023.2227839
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Impurity behavior is investigated in the form of a single or multispecies pellet in a variety of fusion devices like Stellarator TJ-II, Large Helical Device, Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST), etc. The impurity intentionally injected from the exterior into plasma is called a tracer impurity. The tracer can be used to trace the fluid path. This study aims to provide impurity elements used in polymer and fusion research by different researchers as well as present the progress of eminent activities with recent progress. The effects on plasma performance due to impurity injection are discussed. The impurity behavior in the plasma core is comprehensively investigated by the researchers, but their works are very limited in the cryogenic environment. As a substitute to this way, extrusion of a pellet made from a mixture of solid hydrogen and tracer element can be useful for fueling the fusion machine. Some of the mathematical models and equations assist to determine the various parameters in extrusion of the tracer mixed pellet. Investigation of the behavior of an impurity in hydrogen ice extrusion from a twin-screw extruder is crucial with respect to cryogenic restrictions.