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Fusion Science and Technology
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Getting back to yes: A local perspective on decommissioning, restart, and responsibility
For 45 years, Duane Arnold Energy Center operated in Linn County, Ia., near the town of Palo and just northwest of Cedar Rapids. The facility, owned by NextEra Energy, was the only nuclear power plant in the state.
In August 2020, a historic derecho swept across eastern Iowa with winds approaching 140 miles per hour. Damage to the plant’s cooling towers accelerated a shutdown that had already been planned, and the facility entered decommissioning soon after, with its fuel removed in October of that year. Iowa’s only nuclear plant had gone off line.
Today the national energy landscape looks very different than it did just six short years ago. Electricity demand is rising rapidly as data centers, artificial intelligence infrastructure, advanced manufacturing, and electrification expand across the country. Reliable, carbon-free baseload power has become increasingly valuable. In that context, Linn County has approved the rezoning necessary to support the recommissioning and restart of Duane Arnold and is actively supporting NextEra’s efforts to secure the remaining state and federal approvals.
Jonas C. Schwenzer, Alessia Santucci, Christian Day
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 79 | Number 8 | November 2023 | Pages 1208-1218
Research Article | doi.org/10.1080/15361055.2023.2189550
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The Helium Cooled Pebble Bed breeding blanket of the EU-DEMO foresees continuous processing of a small fraction of the helium coolant in the coolant purification system (CPS) to counteract buildup of tritium and impurities. For this system, two different process variants are currently considered. The first is based on the conversion of all hydrogen species into water using copper oxide beds and the subsequent water adsorption over zeolite molecular sieve (ZMS) beds. The alternative process foresees the direct sorption of hydrogens onto novel ZAO® non-evaporable getter (NEG) materials. The ZMS beds and the NEG beds are operated batchwise, but alternating schemes with an absorption (operation) phase and a desorption (regeneration) phase result in a pseudocontinuous process. Transient process simulations have been developed to evaluate the performance and impact of the different variants on downstream systems in the fuel cycle. In this contribution, these process models for the preconceptual design of both variants are presented and evaluated. For the reference designs proposed for each system, they have been found to satisfy the requirements of achieving 90% efficiency. This modeling then lays the foundation for optimization of the conventional process and outlines further research demand regarding the application of NEG materials needed to progress toward the concept design of the CPS process.