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Conference Spotlight
Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
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Deep geologic repository progress—2025 Update
Editor's note: This article has was originally published in November 2023. It has been updated with new information as of June 2025.
Outside my office, there is a display case filled with rock samples from all over the world. It contains a disk of translucent, orange salt from the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant near Carlsbad, N.M.; a core of white-and-bronze gneiss from the site of the future deep geologic repository in Eurajoki, Finland; several angular chunks of fine-grained, gray claystone from the underground research laboratory at Bure, France; and a piece of coarse-grained granite from the underground research tunnel in Daejeon, South Korea.
M. C. Thompson, B. Levitt, B. A. Nelson, U. Shumlak
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 79 | Number 8 | November 2023 | Pages 1051-1058
Research Article | doi.org/10.1080/15361055.2023.2209131
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The sheared-flow-stabilized Z-pinch concept is on a path to commercialization at Zap Energy. Recent experiments on the Fusion Z-pinch Experiment (FuZE) device corroborate expected plasma stability and thermonuclear fusion reaction rates. Experimental campaigns are underway to increase the pinch current, the stable plasma duration, and the DD fusion neutron production. The next-generation device FuZE-Q is currently undergoing commissioning and will begin operation at current levels where scientific breakeven-equivalent conditions are expected in the near future. The Z-pinch configuration offers the promise of a compact fusion device owing to its simple geometry, unity beta, and absence of external magnetic field coils.
In addition to a robust experimental program pushing plasma performance toward breakeven conditions, Zap Energy has parallel programs developing power handling systems suitable for future power plants. Technologies under development include high-average-power repetitive pulsed power, high-duty-cycle cathodes, and liquid-metal wall systems. High-level features of the conceptual power plant core design are elaborated and compared with other approaches to fusion energy.