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Fusion energy: Progress, partnerships, and the path to deployment
Over the past decade, fusion energy has moved decisively from scientific aspiration toward a credible pathway to a new energy technology. Thanks to long-term federal support, we have significantly advanced our fundamental understanding of plasma physics—the behavior of the superheated gases at the heart of fusion devices. This knowledge will enable the creation and control of fusion fuel under conditions required for future power plants. Our progress is exemplified by breakthroughs at the National Ignition Facility and the Joint European Torus.
O. Motojima, H. Yamada, A. Komori, K. Y. Watanabe, T. Mutoh, Y. Takeiri, K. Ida, T. Akiyama, N. Asakura, N. Ashikawa, H. Chikaraishi, W. A. Cooper, M. Emoto, T. Fujita, M. Fujiwara, H. Funaba, P. Goncharov, M. Goto, Y. Hamada, S. Higashijima, T. Hino, M. Hoshino, M. Ichimura, H. Idei, T. Ido, K. Ikeda, S. Imagawa, S. Inagaki, A. Isayama, M. Isobe, T. Itoh, K. Itoh, S. Kado, D. Kalinina, T. Kaneba, O. Kaneko, D. Kato, T. Kato, K. Kawahata, H. Kawashima, H. Kawazome, T. Kobuchi, K. Kondo, S. Kubo, R. Kumazawa, J. F. Lyon, R. Maekawa, A. Mase, S. Masuzaki, T. Mito, K. Matsuoka, Y. Miura, J. Miyazawa, R. More, T. Morisaki, S. Morita, I. Murakami, S. Murakami, S. Mutoh, K. Nagaoka, K. Nagasaki, Y. Nagayama, Y. Nakamura, H. Nakanishi, K. Narihara, Y. Narushima, H. Nishimura, K. Nishimura, M. Nishiura, A. Nishizawa, N. Noda, T. Notake, H. Nozato, S. Ohdachi, K. Ohkubo, N. Ohyabu, N. Oyama, Y. Oka, H. Okada, M. Osakabe, T. Ozaki, B. J. Peterson, A. Sagara, T. Saida, K. Saito, S. Sakakibara, M. Sakamoto, R. Sakamoto, M. Sasao, K. Sato, T. Seki, T. Shimozuma, M. Shoji, S. Sudo, S. Takagi, Y. Takahashi, Y. Takase, H. Takenaga, N. Takeuchi, N. Tamura, K. Tanaka, M. Tanaka, K. Toi, K. Takahata, T. Tokuzawa, Y. Torii, K. Tsumori, F. Watanabe, M. Watanabe, T. Watanabe, T. Watari, I. Yamada, S. Yamada, T. Yamaguchi, S. Yamamoto, K. Yamazaki, N. Yanagi, M. Yokoyama, N. Yoshida, S. Yoshimura, Y. Yoshimura, M. Yoshinuma
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 46 | Number 1 | July 2004 | Pages 1-12
Technical Paper | Stellarators | doi.org/10.13182/FST04-A535
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Recent progress in the Large Helical Device (LHD) experiment during the last 2 yr is reviewed. The LHD has been extending its operational regime toward fusion-relevant conditions while taking advantage of the net-current-free heliotron concept employing a superconducting coil system. Heating capability has exceeded 10 MW, and the central ion and electron temperatures have reached 7 and 10 keV, respectively. The maximum values of beta and pulse length have been extended to 3.2% and 150 s, respectively. Several encouraging physics observations have been obtained, i.e., simultaneous achievement of the mitigation of the magnetohydrodynamic instability criteria and good confinement, and formation of an internal transport barrier. The initial results have been obtained using a local island divertor, which shows the possibility of particle control at the plasma edge.