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Chernobyl at 40 years: Looking back at Nuclear News
Sunday, April 26, at 1:23 a.m. local time will mark 40 years since the most severe nuclear accident in history: the meltdown of Unit 4 at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in Ukraine, then part of the Soviet Union.
In the ensuing four decades, countless books, documentaries, articles, and conference sessions have examined Chernobyl’s history and impact from various angles. There is a similar abundance of outlooks in the archives of Nuclear News, where hundreds of scientists, advocates, critics, and politicians have shared their thoughts on Chernobyl over the years. Today, we will take a look at some highlights from the pages of NN to see how the story of Chernobyl evolved over the decades.
Gregory C. Staack, David W. James
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 76 | Number 4 | May 2020 | Pages 471-474
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.1080/15361055.2020.1718839
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Hydride beds containing LaNi4.25Al0.75 (LANA.75) are used to store significant quantities of tritium. These hydride beds have a limited service life due to radiolytic decay of tritium to 3He within the metal matrix. The crystal structure of the hydride is altered by trapped 3He, which has a very low solubility in the metal. The altered structure induces the formation of a heel of trapped hydrogen isotopes and diminishes the reversible capacity of the hydride. With sufficient tritium exposure, the bed loses the ability to deliver 3He-free tritium, and replacement is needed. Demonstration of a means to regenerate tritium-aged LANA.75 in situ would delay or even eliminate the need to replace lanthanum nickel aluminum (LANA) hydride beds. This paper presents test results obtained during regeneration testing. The efficacy of regeneration testing was evaluated by comparing tritium desorption isotherms collected on the hydride before and after exposure to regeneration conditions. Testing was performed on a bench-scale tritium-aged LANA.75 sample that was previously isotopically exchanged (from tritium to deuterium), passivated, and recovered. Once transferred to a high-temperature test cell, the deuterium heel of the sample was isotopically exchanged with tritium, and a baseline desorption isotherm was collected for comparison purposes. The sample was then heated under vacuum, and comparative isotherms were gathered between regeneration evolutions. Shifts in isotherms show progressive improvements with higher-temperature exposure over the tritium-aged baseline. The heel was significantly reduced, and the reversible capacity of the hydride was essentially restored to near virgin values. For all tested conditions, the plateau pressure remained higher than virgin LANA.75.