ANS is committed to advancing, fostering, and promoting the development and application of nuclear sciences and technologies to benefit society.
Explore the many uses for nuclear science and its impact on energy, the environment, healthcare, food, and more.
Explore membership for yourself or for your organization.
Conference Spotlight
Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
Standards Program
The Standards Committee is responsible for the development and maintenance of voluntary consensus standards that address the design, analysis, and operation of components, systems, and facilities related to the application of nuclear science and technology. Find out What’s New, check out the Standards Store, or Get Involved today!
Latest Magazine Issues
Jul 2025
Jan 2025
Latest Journal Issues
Nuclear Science and Engineering
September 2025
Nuclear Technology
August 2025
Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
The RAIN scale: A good intention that falls short
Radiation protection specialists agree that clear communication of radiation risks remains a vexing challenge that cannot be solved solely by finding new ways to convey technical information.
Earlier this year, an article in Nuclear News described a new radiation risk communication tool, known as the Radiation Index, or, RAIN (“Let it RAIN: A new approach to radiation communication,” NN, Jan. 2025, p. 36). The authors of the article created the RAIN scale to improve radiation risk communication to the general public who are not well-versed in important aspects of radiation exposures, including radiation dose quantities, units, and values; associated health consequences; and the benefits derived from radiation exposures.
Wenping Wang, Andrei Khodak, Irving Zatz, Alex Nagy, Peter Titus
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 75 | Number 8 | November 2019 | Pages 828-834
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.1080/15361055.2019.1609822
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The absolute collimator currently in service at the DIII-D NB injection system has experienced localized melting and damage. As part of the DIII-D 210-deg beamline co-counter conversion, a new absolute collimator was needed, and the opportunity to resolve melting was found on the off-axis beamline configuration. The pulsed high heat flux and uneven distribution of the heat loads required the aperture surface to be axially extended to spread out and reduce the surface heat flux. Geometric sculpting of the absolute collimator aperture based on the baseline dimension was performed using ANSYS CFX software. The reshaped absolute collimator aperture surface reduces the impinged heat flux to below ~4 MW/m2. Two interchangeable inserts are designed to occupy the high heat flux region for mitigating the thermal-induced stresses. The design achieves the objective of 6-s pulse lengths with 10-min repetition rates using the original peripheral conduit cooling system in the new collimator with minor changes.