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2026 Annual Conference
May 31–June 3, 2026
Denver, CO|Sheraton Denver
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Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
Mike Kramer: Navigating power deals in the new data economy
Mike Kramer has a background in finance, not engineering, but a combined 20 years at Exelon and Constellation and a key role in the deals that have Meta and Microsoft buying power from Constellation’s Clinton and Crane sites have made him something of a nuclear expert.
Kramer spoke with Nuclear News staff writer Susan Gallier in late August, just after a visit to Clinton in central Illinois to celebrate a power purchase agreement (PPA) with Meta that closed in June. As Constellation’s vice president for data economy strategy, Kramer was part of the deal-making—not just the celebration.
Robert Lunsford, Roger Raman, A. Brooks, R. A. Ellis, W.-S. Lay
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 75 | Number 8 | November 2019 | Pages 767-774
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.1080/15361055.2019.1629246
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The electromagnetic particle injector (EPI) concept is advanced through the simulation of ablatant deposition into ITER H-mode discharges with calculations showing penetration past the H-mode pedestal for a range of injection velocities and granule sizes concurrent with the requirements of disruption mitigation. As discharge stored energy increases in future fusion devices such as ITER, control and handling of disruption events become critical issues. An unmitigated disruption could lead to failure of the plasma-facing components resulting in financially and politically costly repairs. Methods to facilitate the quench of an unstable high-current discharge are required. With the onset warning time for some ITER disruption events estimated to be less than 10 ms, a disruption mitigation system needs to be considered that operates at injection speeds greater than gaseous sound speeds. Such an actuator could then serve as a means to augment presently planned pneumatic injection systems. The EPI uses a railgun concept whereby a radiative payload is delivered into the discharge by means of the J×B forces generated by an external current pulse, allowing for injection velocities in excess of 1 km/s. The present status of the EPI project is outlined, including the addition of boost magnetic coils. These coils augment the self-generated railgun magnetic field and thus provide a more efficient acceleration of the payload. The coils and the holder designed to constrain them have been modeled with the ANSYS code to ensure structural integrity through the range of operational coil currents.