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Fusion Science and Technology
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WIPP: Lessons in transportation safety
As part of a future consent-based approach by the federal government to site new deep geologic repositories for nuclear waste, local communities and states that are considering hosting such facilities are sure to have many questions. Currently, the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant in New Mexico is the only example of such a repository in operation, and it offers the opportunity for state and local officials to visit and judge for themselves the risks and benefits of hosting a similar facility. But its history can also provide lessons for these officials, particularly the political process leading up to the opening of WIPP, the safety of WIPP operations and transportation of waste from generator facilities to the site, and the economic impacts the project has had on the local area of Carlsbad, as well as the rest of the state of New Mexico.
M. Salewski, M. Nocente, A. S. Jacobsen, F. Binda, C. Cazzaniga, J. Eriksson, B. Geiger, G. Gorini, C. Hellesen, V. G. Kiptily, T. Koskela, S. B. Korsholm, T. Kurki-Suonio, F. Leipold, D. Moseev, S. K. Nielsen, J. Rasmussen, P. A. Schneider, S. E. Sharapov, M. Stejner, M. Tardocchi, JET Contributors, ASDEX Upgrade Team, EUROfusion MST1 Team
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 74 | Number 1 | July-August 2018 | Pages 23-36
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.1080/15361055.2017.1380482
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Bayesian integrated data analysis combines measurements from different diagnostics to jointly measure plasma parameters of interest such as temperatures, densities, and drift velocities. Integrated data analysis of fast-ion measurements has long been hampered by the complexity of the strongly non-Maxwellian fast-ion distribution functions. This has recently been overcome by velocity-space tomography. In this method two-dimensional images of the velocity distribution functions consisting of a few hundreds or thousands of pixels are reconstructed using the available fast-ion measurements. Here we present an overview and current status of this emerging technique at the ASDEX Upgrade tokamak and the JET toamak based on fast-ion D-alpha spectroscopy, collective Thomson scattering, gamma-ray and neutron emission spectrometry, and neutral particle analyzers. We discuss Tikhonov regularization within the Bayesian framework. The implementation for different types of diagnostics as well as the uncertainties are discussed, and we highlight the importance of integrated data analysis of all available detectors.