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The top 10 states of nuclear
The past few years have seen a concerted effort from many U.S. states to encourage nuclear development. The momentum behind nuclear-friendly policies has grown considerably, with many states repealing moratoriums, courting nuclear developers and suppliers, and in some cases creating advisory groups and road maps to push deployment of new nuclear reactors.
Suhas Bhandarkar, Jim Fair, Ben Haid, Evan Mapoles, Jeff Atherton, Cliff Thomas, John Moody, Jeremy Kroll, Abbas Nikroo
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 73 | Number 3 | April 2018 | Pages 380-391
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.1080/15361055.2017.1406249
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Early shots on the National Ignition Facility (NIF) were plagued by the buildup of a considerable mass of extraneous ice on the laser entry hole (LEH) windows, a consequence of condensation of the residual air. This resulted in higher than desired temperatures at the LEH, which combined with the variability of the ice thickness made this a problem that needed a robust solution. In this paper, we describe our work in designing a second thin film that shielded the LEH window from the contaminating ice. The detailed cryogenic considerations required to ensure the proper functioning of this new window were simulated and verified experimentally. The data from numerous subsequent shots showed marked improvement in performance, which made this feature an essential component for all cryogenic NIF targets.