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Fusion energy: Progress, partnerships, and the path to deployment
Over the past decade, fusion energy has moved decisively from scientific aspiration toward a credible pathway to a new energy technology. Thanks to long-term federal support, we have significantly advanced our fundamental understanding of plasma physics—the behavior of the superheated gases at the heart of fusion devices. This knowledge will enable the creation and control of fusion fuel under conditions required for future power plants. Our progress is exemplified by breakthroughs at the National Ignition Facility and the Joint European Torus.
Hirofumi Nakamura, Takumi Hayashi, Yasunori Iwai, Masataka Nishi
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 39 | Number 2 | March 2001 | Pages 894-898
Divertor and Plasma-Facing Components | doi.org/10.13182/FST01-A11963353
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Effect of annealing on the transient permeation behavior of deuterium implanted into pure tungsten was investigated. Permeation experiment was carried out with pure tungsten foils (34 mm in diameter, 25 micro-m in thickness, and 99.5% purity) annealed at 1273 K for 3 hours in vacuum and unannealed one. Those permeation characteristics at transient state were analyzed by TMAP4 code. As a result, the feature of the trap site in the unannealed tungsten specimen was revealed that which has about 0.9 eV trap energy and 40ppm-trap density. By the analysis of the permeation behavior through the annealed tungsten, above trap sites disappeared by specimen annealing, and the permeation through annealed tungsten was found to be expressed by simple diffusion equation with the effective diffusion coefficient. However, it may involve the trapping parameter, which is virtually indistinguishable from reduction of diffusion coefficient, in itself.