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APS seeks SLR to keep Palo Verde operational into the 2060s
Arizona Public Service has informed the Nuclear Regulatory Commission of its intention to renew the operating licenses of the Palo Verde nuclear power plant’s three reactors for a second 20-year term, which could extend operations at the facility into the 2060s.
According to the announcement, APS won’t submit the subsequent license renewal application to the NRC until late 2027. The renewal would allow Unit 1 to operate through 2065, Unit 2 through 2066, and Unit 3 through 2067.
André L. Rogister
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 37 | Number 2 | March 2000 | Pages 239-248
Instabilities and Transport | doi.org/10.13182/FST00-A11963219
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Most experts consider that the causes of anomalous energy and particle transport in fusion devices are low frequency “drift” waves, themselves driven unstable by the equilibrium gradients and the associated drifts across the confining magnetic field (hence the terminology). We first introduce the dimensionless parameters which characterize drift waves (drift ordering). We then accordingly simplify the conventional two fluids description and obtain the general eigenvalue equations for drift eigenmodes. We finally search for solutions with angular frequency ω~ω* (the diamagnetic drift frequency), ω~λω*, etc … assuming λ≡LN(T)/qR ≪ 1 [LN(T) is the density (temperature) gradient length and qR is the connection length]. We recover in this way both the electron and the ion drift branches. The poloidal variation of the magnetic field has two opposite effects on the growth (damping) rate according to whether the width of the modes is larger or smaller than the distance between the rational surfaces q(r)=m/ℓ and q(r+Δ)=(m+l)/ℓ. Kinetic effects and the role of trapped particles are not described by the two fluid description but could be readily included.