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2025 ANS Winter Conference & Expo
November 9–12, 2025
Washington, DC|Washington Hilton
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Darleane C. Hoffman, transuranium element pioneer, dies at age 98
Hoffman
Nuclear chemist Darleane D. Hoffman, who was renowned for her research on transuranium elements that advanced the understanding of nuclear fission, died on September 4 at her home in Menlo Park, Calif. She was 98.
Iowa origins: Hoffman was born on November 8, 1926, in Terril, Ia. She attended Iowa State University, where she earned a bachelor’s degree in chemistry in 1948 and a doctorate in physical (or nuclear) chemistry in 1951. She then began working as a chemist at Oak Ridge National Laboratory.
Los Alamos research: In 1953, Hoffman began a research position at Los Alamos National Laboratory, where she conducted pioneering work on spontaneous fission. She served as the lab’s first female division leader in charge of the Chemistry and Nuclear Chemistry Division.
Gennadij T. Razdobarin, Eugene E. Mukhin, Vladimir V. Semenov
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 35 | Number 1 | January 1999 | Pages 389-392
Poster Presentations | doi.org/10.13182/FST99-A11963891
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
ITER divertor operation is dominated by the necessity to exhaust around 200MW power via the scrape-off layer. A large fraction of the input power must be irradiated by the impurities either intrinsic or seeded. It is important that the radiation source be well distributed over the entire divertor plasma. The plasma detachment at the divertor target should be precisely adjusted as to enable a partially attached operating, that is detached near the separatrix strike point and attached further out in the scrape-off layer. To provide information on key fenomena which may limit the divertor performance is the challenging task for diagnostics in ITER.
The reliable Tc, nc profile measurements in the divertor upstream (near X-point) and downstream (divertor bottom) regions address the highly promising Thomson scattering diagnostics. The high resolution time-of-flight LIDAR Thomson scattering for the X-point and the conventional Thomson scattering technique for the divertor leg fit the reference divertor configuration with minimal impact on ITER design.