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Fusion energy: Progress, partnerships, and the path to deployment
Over the past decade, fusion energy has moved decisively from scientific aspiration toward a credible pathway to a new energy technology. Thanks to long-term federal support, we have significantly advanced our fundamental understanding of plasma physics—the behavior of the superheated gases at the heart of fusion devices. This knowledge will enable the creation and control of fusion fuel under conditions required for future power plants. Our progress is exemplified by breakthroughs at the National Ignition Facility and the Joint European Torus.
R. Balescu
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 33 | Number 2 | March 1998 | Pages 192-206
Transport in Tokamaks | doi.org/10.13182/FST98-A11947010
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The methods of modern theory of stochastic processes appear to provide a useful tool for transport theory in magnetized plasmas. The Langevin equation formalism provides important, but limited information about diffusive processes. A quite promising new approach to modelling complex situations, such as transport in incompletely destroyed magnetic surfaces, is provided by the theory of Continuous Time Random Walks (CTRW), which is presented in some detail. A test problem is discussed in detail: transport of particles in a fluctuating magnetic field, in the limit of infinite perpendicular correlation length. The well-known subdiffusive behavior of the Mean Square Displacement (MSD), proportional to t1/2, is recovered by a CTRW, but the complete density profile is only recovered under some additional conditions. The quasilinear approximation of the kinetic equation has the form of a non-markovian diffusion equation and can thus be generated by a CTRW. Finally, a new iterative map, called “tokamap” is presented and its relation to transport and CTRW is displayed.