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Fusion energy: Progress, partnerships, and the path to deployment
Over the past decade, fusion energy has moved decisively from scientific aspiration toward a credible pathway to a new energy technology. Thanks to long-term federal support, we have significantly advanced our fundamental understanding of plasma physics—the behavior of the superheated gases at the heart of fusion devices. This knowledge will enable the creation and control of fusion fuel under conditions required for future power plants. Our progress is exemplified by breakthroughs at the National Ignition Facility and the Joint European Torus.
Matthew J. Jasica, Gerald L. Kulcinski, John F. Santarius
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 72 | Number 4 | November 2017 | Pages 719-725
Technical Note | doi.org/10.1080/15361055.2017.1350482
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A new experimental facility at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, the Dual-Advanced Ion Simultaneous Implantation Experiment (DAISIE), has been designed and constructed to examine tungsten surface damage phenomena. These include microstructure formation and erosion due to helium bombardment as well as the retention of hydrogen gas while under the simultaneous bombardment of helium and deuterium ion beams, as would occur in ITER or other deuterium-burning fusion devices. DAISIE features two ion guns angled at 55° to the sample normal. These guns are independent with respect to beam current, allowing for a high degree of control over the separate D and He beams fluxes and fluences and the composition ratio of these ions impinging upon the tungsten sample surface. Preliminary results are available for helium-only implantations at energies of 30 keV to average fluences of 3 × 1018 He/cm2 in tungsten samples at temperatures of 900°C. As in prior experiments, surface damage appears to be highly-dependent on the crystallography of the individual grains. although a distinct set of helium-induced microstructures from past experiments is observed. Erosion yield is consistent with prior, similar helium irradiation experiments at the University of Wisconsin, but exceeds that predicted by physical sputtering yields and other past sputtering experiments.