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Fusion energy: Progress, partnerships, and the path to deployment
Over the past decade, fusion energy has moved decisively from scientific aspiration toward a credible pathway to a new energy technology. Thanks to long-term federal support, we have significantly advanced our fundamental understanding of plasma physics—the behavior of the superheated gases at the heart of fusion devices. This knowledge will enable the creation and control of fusion fuel under conditions required for future power plants. Our progress is exemplified by breakthroughs at the National Ignition Facility and the Joint European Torus.
Kio Takai, Yoshiki Indou, Kazuhisa Yuki, Koichi Suzuki, Akio Sagara
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 72 | Number 4 | November 2017 | Pages 699-704
Technical Note | doi.org/10.1080/15361055.2017.1352430
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
This study evaluates convective and boiling heat transfer characteristics of a water impinging jet flow in porous media in order to remove the heat flux of 10 MW/m2 imposed to fusion divertors. The metal porous media with complicated microchannels have large heat transfer surface due to fin effect and superior mixing effect of fluid, which enhances not only the convective heat transfer but also the boiling heat transfer by improving the evaporation rate of the cooling liquid. In a proposed heat removal device called EVAPORON-3-Type3, the cooling water is supplied as an impinging jet flow into the porous medium, which is a two-layered copper particle bed, and the generated vapor is discharged through high porosity gaps on the heat transfer surface. As a result, the convective heat transfer coefficient is improved by 1.6 times compared with that of an impinging jet flow without the copper particle bed. In the boiling heat transfer regime, the critical heat flux is increased by 1.5 times and the heat flux of 8.4 MW/m2 is achieved under low velocity and highly subcooled conditions though it’s not maximum.