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Why should safeguards by design be a global effort?
Jeremy Whitlock
I can’t think of a more exciting time to be working in nuclear, with the diversity of advanced reactor development and increasing global support for nuclear in sustainable energy planning. But we can’t lose sight of the need to plan for efficient international safeguards at the same time.
Global nuclear deployment has been underpinned since 1970 by the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT), making it a key customer requirement for governments to demonstrate unequivocally that the technology is not being misused for weapons development.
The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has helped verify this commitment for more than 50 years, but it has never safeguarded many of the advanced reactors (and related fuel cycle processes) being developed today.
S. Welte, E. Fanghänel, S. Fischer, F. Kramer, T. L. Le, M. Sturm, N. Tuchscherer
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 71 | Number 3 | April 2017 | Pages 316-320
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.1080/15361055.2017.1291233
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
One of the main tasks of the Tritium Laboratory Karlsruhe (TLK) is the operation of the Windowless Gaseous Tritium Source (WGTS) of the Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino (KATRIN) experiment, which will perform an absolute measurement of the neutrino mass with a sensitivity of 200 meV/c2 (90% confidence level). While the Inner Loop system of KATRIN provides a stabilized tritium throughput of 40 g day−1 in the WGTS, the outer loop is required for tritium clean-up, purification, and accountancy.
The ability of the outer loop to supply tritium has been investigated using feed gas samples of different compositions. This paper will describe the gas processing tests which were done with batches of approximately 1 mol of tritium each and 20 mol in total, processed on a day-to-day basis in the TLK tritium loop. It is shown, that an isotopic tritium purity of > 98% can reliably supplied to the KATRIN experiment. This is sufficient to maintain the required isotopic tritium purity of > 95% in the KATRIN inner loop.