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Smarter waste strategies: Helping deliver on the promise of advanced nuclear
At COP28, held in Dubai in 2023, a clear consensus emerged: Nuclear energy must be a cornerstone of the global clean energy transition. With electricity demand projected to soar as we decarbonize not just power but also industry, transport, and heat, the case for new nuclear is compelling. More than 20 countries committed to tripling global nuclear capacity by 2050. In the United States alone, the Department of Energy forecasts that the country’s current nuclear capacity could more than triple, adding 200 GW of new nuclear to the existing 95 GW by mid-century.
Thomas Hladschik, Klaus Schoepf
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 26 | Number 3 | November 1994 | Pages 588-592
Plasma Heating and Current Drive, Plasma Engineering | Proceedings of the Eleventh Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy New Orleans, Louisiana June 19-23, 1994 | doi.org/10.13182/FST94-A40221
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
In ITER the main loss mechanism of fast fusion alpha particles is expected to be due to toroidal field (TF) ripples caused by the finite number of TF coils. The associated radial diffusion of fast alphas is specified by an energy and space dependent diffusion coefficient which can be extended to account also for toroidal Alfven eigenmode (TAE) diffusion. Energy transfer from the fast alphas to the thermal background plasma is considered to occur due to Coulomb collisions and nuclear elastic scattering (NES). The α-transport is described here by a reduced slowing down kinetic equation of which the numerical solution provides for the energy-, space- and time-dependent alpha particle distribution in the tokamak plasma. This alpha distribution then constitutes the basis for a determinative calculation of the actual fusion power allocation to each distinct background species. Though TAE diffusion alone is not a significant fusion power loss mechanism, our recent calculations indicate that the coaction of TF-ripple (TFR) and TAE transport processes synergisticly results in a substantial reduction of fusion alpha power deposition.
