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Latest News
EPA issues final rule regulating “forever chemicals”
The Environmental Protection Agency announced that it will issue a rule aimed at limiting public exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). The final rule will designate two widely used PFAS chemicals, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), as hazardous substances under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA), also known as Superfund.
According to the EPA, both PFOA and PFOS meet the statutory criteria for designation as hazardous substances.
Satoshi Ito, Hidetoshi Hashizume
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 68 | Number 2 | September 2015 | Pages 428-432
Technical Paper | Proceedings of TOFE-2014 | doi.org/10.13182/FST15-104
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
This paper discusses thermal design of a segmented high-temperature superconducting (HTS) magnet depending on geometry of HTS conductors, cooling system (indirect cooling or partial forced flow cooling), cooling techniques and joint resistance. For the purpose, three-dimensional heat conduction analysis was carried out with a finite element code, modeling geometry and operating condition of helical coils in a helical fusion reactor, FFHR as an example. In this analysis, liquid neon was assumed to be used as a coolant at an operating temperature of 25 K. As a heat removal technique for the joint, cooling system of a cryogenic liquid coolant with metal porous media has been proposed and it was also modeled in the heat conduction analysis. The numerical results showed that stainless steel jacket and a low thermal conductivity insulator determine temperature distribution and any cooling techniques cannot contribute to prevent the temperature rise when joint resistance increases in the case of the indirect cooling system. On the other hand, a high performance cooling technique such as metal porous media-inserted channel is effective to reduce temperature rise in the partial force cooling system.