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Fusion energy: Progress, partnerships, and the path to deployment
Over the past decade, fusion energy has moved decisively from scientific aspiration toward a credible pathway to a new energy technology. Thanks to long-term federal support, we have significantly advanced our fundamental understanding of plasma physics—the behavior of the superheated gases at the heart of fusion devices. This knowledge will enable the creation and control of fusion fuel under conditions required for future power plants. Our progress is exemplified by breakthroughs at the National Ignition Facility and the Joint European Torus.
Ronald D. Boyd
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 67 | Number 4 | May 2015 | Pages 745-753
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/FST14-813
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A hypervapotron is an excellent candidate for single-side high heat flux removal (HHFR). Hypervapotron HHFR is accomplished by subcooled two-phase flow boiling and conjugate heat transfer involving efficient vapor generation, channeling, and condensation. To characterize additional optimal operating characteristics effectively using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and/or experimental approaches (and/or design approaches), knowledge of the hypervapotron controlling parameters is essential for timely identification of enhancements to the HHFR configuration. To that end, three high heat flux–side controlling parameters and a characteristic temperature difference have been identified. These parameters include the effects of conjugate heat transfer, two-dimensional channel-wall dimensionless aspect ratios, and the characteristic temperature difference. Finally, these parameters may be useful in CFD (and experimental and/or design approaches) studies for optimizing HHFR and thermal protection in fusion and aerospace systems.