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June 15–18, 2025
Chicago, IL|Chicago Marriott Downtown
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Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
Federal Power Act amendments focus on grid reliability
Fedorchak
North Dakota’s sole member of the U.S. House of Representatives, Republican freshman Congresswoman Julie Fedorchak, has introduced the Baseload Reliability Protection Act.
The bill aims to “amend the Federal Power Act to prohibit retirements of baseload electric generating units in any area that is served by a Regional Transmission Organization or an Independent System Operator and that the North American Electric Reliability Corporation [NERC] categorizes as at elevated risk or high risk of electricity supply shortfalls, and for other purposes.”
A summary of the legislation is available on Fedorchak’s House website.
Amendments: The Baseload Reliability Protection Act would amend the Federal Power Act in the following ways:
Alexey Golubev, Yuri Balashov, Sergey Mavrin, Valentina Golubeva, Dan Galeriu
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 67 | Number 2 | March 2015 | Pages 349-352
Proceedings of TRITIUM 2013 | doi.org/10.13182/FST14-T27
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Washout coefficient Λ is widely used as a parameter in washout models. These models describes overall HTO washout with rain by the first-order kinetic equation, while washout coefficient Λ depends on the type of rain event and rain intensity and empirical parameters a, b. It was shown recently that variations of published data of washout coefficient are significant. Thus Λ = 10−4 sec−1 for the light rain event (∼ 1 mm-hour−1) while Λ = 10−3 sec−1 for heavy rain (∼ 25 mm-hour−1). Canadian standard recommends washout coefficient of 1.8-10−4 sec−1, German standard gives 3.5-10−5sec−1, while published Japan data varies from Λ = (7.3 ± 4.1)-10−5 sec−1 at 2 mm hour−1 to Λ = 4.6-10−4 sec−1 for the same rain intensity. This means that further investigations of HTO washout process are required. One of the issues is determining the useful relationship between macroscopic parameter of HTO washout Λ and microscopic HTO exchange rate of HTO molecules in atmosphere and in the raindrop water. Approaches to address this issue have been presented elsewhere. It can be shown that the empirical parameters a, b can be represented through the rain event characteristics using the relationships for molecular impact rate, rain intensity and specific rain water content while washout coefficient can be represented through the exchange rate K, rain intensity, raindrop diameter and terminal raindrop velocity.