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Fusion Science and Technology
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Modernizing I&C for operations and maintenance, one phase at a time
The two reactors at Dominion Energy’s Surry plant are among the oldest in the U.S. nuclear fleet. Yet when the plant celebrated its 50th anniversary in 2023, staff could raise a toast to the future. Surry was one of the first plants to file a subsequent license renewal (SLR) application, and in May 2021, it became official: the plant was licensed to operate for a full 80 years, extending its reactors’ lifespans into 2052 and 2053.
S. A. Cherenshchykov
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 66 | Number 2 | October 2014 | Pages 358-367
Technical Note | doi.org/10.13182/FST13-720
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The injection of a nonrelativistic electron beam into a toroidal solenoid is considered. A secondary emission magnetron injection gun is proposed as a source of the electron beam. Using the drift approximation, a step value after the first turn of the beam around the solenoid is calculated. For multiturn injection, the beam must not return to the electron gun. Thus, the step value must be large enough by comparison with the gun dimension. Using this condition and the Hull cutoff magnetic field equation, the maximum electrode diameters of the magnetron injection gun are calculated. The maximum gun perveance is calculated using scale theory and experimental data from other authors. Because of the small dimensions of the gun, a concept for a multibeam gun is proposed. As an example, the total current and total power are calculated for two values of the electron beam energy and three operational facilities. In comparison with existing sources for auxiliary plasma heating, a novel approach can provide higher power. The calculated levels of the electric field strength in the gun are several times lower than those achieved in experiments. Prospects for the novel concept for plasma heating and current drive and the problem of gun cooling are discussed. Other possible applications are discussed too.