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Fusion energy: Progress, partnerships, and the path to deployment
Over the past decade, fusion energy has moved decisively from scientific aspiration toward a credible pathway to a new energy technology. Thanks to long-term federal support, we have significantly advanced our fundamental understanding of plasma physics—the behavior of the superheated gases at the heart of fusion devices. This knowledge will enable the creation and control of fusion fuel under conditions required for future power plants. Our progress is exemplified by breakthroughs at the National Ignition Facility and the Joint European Torus.
Masaru Takagi, Robert Cook, Richard Stephens, Jane Gibson, Sally Paguio
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 38 | Number 1 | July 2000 | Pages 54-57
Technical Paper | Thirteenth Target Fabrication Specialists’ Meeting | doi.org/10.13182/FST00-A36116
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Poly(α-methylstyrene) (PαMS) mandrel precursors (a PαMS containing fluorobenzene solution surrounding a water core) are suspended in a salt-containing water solution during curing. The salt is necessary to suppress the growth of water drops in the curing oil phase (resulting in vacuoles in the dried mandrel). However the use of salts in this manner results in a chemical potential difference between the inner pure water droplets and the outer bath. This results in a loss of water from the inner water phase, shrinking the mandrel as it cures and potentially wrinkling its surface. We have quantified the degree of mandrel shrinkage and expansion as a function of the difference in salt concentration. Expansion is not proportional to concentration difference. It does not appear that osmotically driven expansion removes wrinkles; the large wrinkle amplitudes were seen with all salt concentrations.