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Fusion energy: Progress, partnerships, and the path to deployment
Over the past decade, fusion energy has moved decisively from scientific aspiration toward a credible pathway to a new energy technology. Thanks to long-term federal support, we have significantly advanced our fundamental understanding of plasma physics—the behavior of the superheated gases at the heart of fusion devices. This knowledge will enable the creation and control of fusion fuel under conditions required for future power plants. Our progress is exemplified by breakthroughs at the National Ignition Facility and the Joint European Torus.
R. K. Rout, A. Shyam, M. Srinivasan, A. B. Garg, V. K. Shrikhande
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 30 | Number 2 | November 1996 | Pages 273-280
Technical Paper | Special Section: Plasma Control Issues for Tokamaks / Nuclear Reaction in Solid | doi.org/10.13182/FST96-A30756
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Each and every palladium sample loaded/reloaded either with hydrogen or deuterium was observed to fog radiographic films kept in its close proximity in air. Strangely, even with ten layers of black paper (thickness ≃63 mg/cm2) as a filter between film and sample, fogging was observed. On the other hand, no fogging could be observed even when thin beryllium foil (≃1.4 mg/cm2), three layers of transparent polyester foils (≃10 mg/cm2), or thin aluminizedpolycarbonate (0.3 mg/cm2) were employed as filters. Several experiments have been performed to identify the phenomenon responsible for fogging. These experiments appear to rule out any of the known mechanisms, suggesting a new, strange, and unknown phenomena.