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Fusion energy: Progress, partnerships, and the path to deployment
Over the past decade, fusion energy has moved decisively from scientific aspiration toward a credible pathway to a new energy technology. Thanks to long-term federal support, we have significantly advanced our fundamental understanding of plasma physics—the behavior of the superheated gases at the heart of fusion devices. This knowledge will enable the creation and control of fusion fuel under conditions required for future power plants. Our progress is exemplified by breakthroughs at the National Ignition Facility and the Joint European Torus.
T. Vollmer, U. Besserer, K. Borcherding, J. Dehne, H. Dilger, L. Dörr, M. Glugla, W. Hellriegel, E. Hutter, R. Kraemer, R.-D.Penzhorn, B. Reinhardt, D. Röhrig, K. Schubert
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 28 | Number 3 | October 1995 | Pages 988-994
Tritium Safety | Proceedings of the Fifth Topical Meeting on Tritium Technology in Fission, Fusion, and Isotopic Applications Belgirate, Italy May 28-June 3, 1995 | doi.org/10.13182/FST95-A30534
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The Tritium Laboratory Karlsruhe (TLK) is a facility of the Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH (FZK) where, under the European Fusion Technology Program, experiments are performed on tritium technology for the nuclear fuel cycle with a view to the needs of the ITER fusion reactor. The Laboratory comprises conventional infrastructure systems, tritium infrastructure systems, and experiments on a floor area of approx. 1200 m2. The licensed tritium quantity is at present 20 g; an application to increase this amount has been submitted to the corresponding authorities. The measures taken to safely handle such amounts of tritium are described in detail in this paper. Whereas the infrastructure is operated and controled from a central process control system (PLS), for the experiments local control systems (LLS) are used. Safety relevant signals are linked to a safety circuit. Some safety signals relevant to the operation of tritium systems are connected to the Central Emergency Control Center of the Research Center. Besides the operating, control and monitoring measures the safe operation of the Tritium Laboratory relies on highest quality standards, clear plant operation rules, a high degree of inherent safety and a number of tritium monitoring systems according to the latest state of the art.