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Fusion energy: Progress, partnerships, and the path to deployment
Over the past decade, fusion energy has moved decisively from scientific aspiration toward a credible pathway to a new energy technology. Thanks to long-term federal support, we have significantly advanced our fundamental understanding of plasma physics—the behavior of the superheated gases at the heart of fusion devices. This knowledge will enable the creation and control of fusion fuel under conditions required for future power plants. Our progress is exemplified by breakthroughs at the National Ignition Facility and the Joint European Torus.
Maxime Rabeau, John H. Pitts, Jean-François Mengué, Gérard Maurin
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 23 | Number 3 | May 1993 | Pages 337-341
Techincal Note | ICF Driver Technology | doi.org/10.13182/FST23-337
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Geometrical arrangements for locating the large number of beamlets used in high-energy laser fusion facilities around a target chamber, suitable for the 1- to 2-MJ Phebus upgrade facility, are compared. The beamlets are clustered together and enter the target chamber area from two opposite poles. Beamlets from two different amplifier regions are interlaced around four pairs of conical surfaces, so that more symmetrical illumination of indirect drive targets is possible even when only some of the amplifiers are operational. A passive system is proposed to protect the focus lenses from X rays, ion debris, and internal target chamber pollutants. The system includes sacrificial debris shields and a static, ∼2-m length of incondensable gas. A crosswise orientation allows for maximum operational flexibility; an in-line orientation uses three fewer mirrors per beamlet but requires a larger target chamber room and longer laser bays. Neutron protection includes concrete shielding and also an ∼1- to 2-m-thick water shield positioned just inside the periphery of the target chamber room. Selected low-activation materials are used as much as possible inside the water shield to minimize the recovery time after a shot.