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Fusion energy: Progress, partnerships, and the path to deployment
Over the past decade, fusion energy has moved decisively from scientific aspiration toward a credible pathway to a new energy technology. Thanks to long-term federal support, we have significantly advanced our fundamental understanding of plasma physics—the behavior of the superheated gases at the heart of fusion devices. This knowledge will enable the creation and control of fusion fuel under conditions required for future power plants. Our progress is exemplified by breakthroughs at the National Ignition Facility and the Joint European Torus.
E.T. Cheng, D.K. Sze, J.A. Sommers, O.T. Farmer III
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 21 | Number 3 | May 1992 | Pages 2001-2008
Safety, Recycling, and Waste Management | doi.org/10.13182/FST92-A30015
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Materials recycling aspects including contact gamma dose rates and cooling times were investigated for the first wall, blanket, and shield components of future fusion power reactors. Candidate structural mate-rials studied include ferritic steel, vanadium alloy, and SiC ceramic material. Required cooling times to reach hands-on recycling and impurity levels at given cooling times were estimated for the blanket components made of the various candidate structural materials. The relationship between the specific activity limits of radioactive materials for shallow-land burial (U.S. 10CFR61 Class C) waste disposal and the corresponding contact dose rates was examined. Scenarios for waste material management of fusion reactor components were suggested considering the materials recycling and shallow-land waste disposal options. Achievable impurity levels in vanadium ingot and titanium crystal bar were reviewed, and compared to desired levels for hands-on recycling. Methods to improve the purity levels were discussed.