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Fusion energy: Progress, partnerships, and the path to deployment
Over the past decade, fusion energy has moved decisively from scientific aspiration toward a credible pathway to a new energy technology. Thanks to long-term federal support, we have significantly advanced our fundamental understanding of plasma physics—the behavior of the superheated gases at the heart of fusion devices. This knowledge will enable the creation and control of fusion fuel under conditions required for future power plants. Our progress is exemplified by breakthroughs at the National Ignition Facility and the Joint European Torus.
M. A. Bourham, O. E. Hankins, J. G. Gilligan, J. D. Hurley, W. H. Eddy
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 21 | Number 3 | May 1992 | Pages 1852-1857
Plasma-Facing Component | doi.org/10.13182/FST92-A29988
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Heat fluences of 1–10 MJ/m2 and greater over 0.1–1 msec pulse durations are expected on the surfaces of plasma-facing components in large tokamaks during a plasma disruption. The formed vapor plasma (the boundary layer) absorbs a large fraction of the incident energy, and thus acts as a self protecting layer (vapor shield). Carbon materials (pyrolytic graphite and other graphite grades)) are used as plasma-facing components, and tungsten and refractory materials are potential candidates. The experimental test facility SIRENS has been used to expose carbon and tungsten materials to heat fluences between 0.2 and 6 MJ/m2 for 100 µs duration to characterize the performance of such materials under typical heat loading conditions.