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Fusion energy: Progress, partnerships, and the path to deployment
Over the past decade, fusion energy has moved decisively from scientific aspiration toward a credible pathway to a new energy technology. Thanks to long-term federal support, we have significantly advanced our fundamental understanding of plasma physics—the behavior of the superheated gases at the heart of fusion devices. This knowledge will enable the creation and control of fusion fuel under conditions required for future power plants. Our progress is exemplified by breakthroughs at the National Ignition Facility and the Joint European Torus.
R. Maingi, J. Gilligan, O. Hankins, L. Owen, P. Mioduszewski, T. Uckan
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 19 | Number 3 | May 1991 | Pages 1778-1782
Impurity Control and Plasma-Facing Component | Proceedings of the Ninth Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy (Oak Brook, Illinois, October 7-11, 1990) | doi.org/10.13182/FST91-A29600
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A critical issue in long-pulse tokamak discharges is the need for density control and power-handling capability in the presence of wall outgassing, neutral beam injection, and pellet fueling. Direct particle and energy exhaust in Tore Supra is obtained with a system of pump limiters, including six located at the bottom of the machine and a large horizontal module at the outer midplane. This paper focuses on two-dimensional (2-D) modelling of the scrape-off-layer (SOL) and outboard pump limiter, using the MHD fluid code b2 and the neutral transport code DEGAS. Temperature, density, and ion flux data from Langmuir probes in the throat of the limiter are used along with estimates of the power scrape-off-length from infrared camera data to obtain a self-consistent description of the SOL plasma/neutral source distribution within the limiter and throughout the SOL. Good agreement with measured quantities is obtained, and three to four iterations of the b2/DEGAS calculation are necessary for convergence.