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DTRA’s advancements in nuclear and radiological detection
A new, more complex nuclear age has begun. Echoing the tensions of the Cold War amid rapidly evolving nuclear and radiological threats, preparedness in the modern age is a contest of scientific innovation. The Research and Development Directorate (RD) at the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) is charged with winning this contest.
Matthew C. Carroll, John G. Gilligan
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 5 | Number 3 | May 1984 | Pages 334-349
Technical Paper | First-Wall Technology | doi.org/10.13182/FST84-A23109
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A model for predicting bremsstrahlung energy deposition in first-wall materials and the effect of this energy deposition on wall temperature distributions is proposed. In this model the bremsstrahlung energy spectrum is divided into a finite number of discrete energy groups, each with an overall power fraction and average wavelength. The volumetric heating effects of each of these individual groups are superimposed to obtain overall temperature distributions in first-wall configurations using rectangular and cylindrical coordinates. The proposed multigroup model is then applied to several first-wall designs and compared with existing models, notably the “surface-heating” model, which utilizes the assumption that the bremsstrahlung energy is deposited on the wall surface. It is concluded that in many designs involving advanced fuels or low-Z first-wall materials the surface-heating model over-predicts wall temperatures near the plasma side, and the multigroup model may be necessary for accurate temperature calculation.