ANS is committed to advancing, fostering, and promoting the development and application of nuclear sciences and technologies to benefit society.
Explore the many uses for nuclear science and its impact on energy, the environment, healthcare, food, and more.
Explore membership for yourself or for your organization.
Conference Spotlight
2026 Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
August 24–27, 2026
Dallas, TX|Hilton Anatole
Latest Magazine Issues
Aug 2026
Jan 2026
2026
Latest Journal Issues
Nuclear Science and Engineering
October 2026
Nuclear Technology
September 2026
Fusion Science and Technology
August 2026
Latest News
Second round of Launch Pad selections includes eight newcomers
The National Reactor Innovation Center at Idaho National Laboratory has announced 13 project selections across 12 companies for the Nuclear Energy Launch Pad, a Department of Energy–led program that integrates reactor and fuel facility authorization, testing, and deployment support for private nuclear developers.
The Launch Pad emerged from the Reactor Pilot Program and Fuel Line Pilot Program.
According to INL, projects selected include reactor development and nuclear fuel cycle advancements, including fabrication, enrichment, and conversion technologies.
G. R. Longhurst, G. A. Deis, P. Y. Hsu, L. G. Miller, R. A. Causey
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 4 | Number 2 | September 1983 | Pages 681-686
Tritium | doi.org/10.13182/FST83-A22938
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Experimental evidence collected by several researchers suggests that gamma radiation may enhance the release of tritium from structural materials in fusion reactors. If so, this may reduce inventories and, in first walls, it may reduce permeation rates. The release process is not well understood, but it appears to involve Compton scattering of photons by electrons of the host material. The excited electrons then interact with binding potential fields to effect the release of bound tritium atoms. This process seems to be fairly efficient in nonmetals where it may result in enhanced diffusion, but it should be less important than thermal processes in metals. Experiments were conducted in the gamma irradiation facility of the Advanced Test Reactor at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory to determine whether gamma radiation has an appreciable effect on the normal permeation of tritium through stainless steel. Low concentrations of HT were allowed to diffuse through a 0.071-cm-thick tube of 316 stainless steel, heated between 590 and 733 K. Gamma irradiation intensities were varied from 1.3 to 155 C/kgh (5 × 103 to 6 × 105 R/h). Ion chamber detectors were used to measure tritium concentrations on both sides of the tube. It was found that in the presence of excess H2, the higher gamma irradiation intensity exhibited slightly higher permeation rates of tritium. When the walls of the permeation tube and the HT were highly oxidized, the permeation rates were much more scattered, and the gamma irradiation seemed to have no observable effect. It was concluded that the effect of gamma radiation on tritium permeation through stainless steel in a fusion reactor environment should be small. However, the relative ease with which tritium from HTO was seen to permeate the material raises questions regarding tritium management in breeder blankets.