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Fusion energy: Progress, partnerships, and the path to deployment
Over the past decade, fusion energy has moved decisively from scientific aspiration toward a credible pathway to a new energy technology. Thanks to long-term federal support, we have significantly advanced our fundamental understanding of plasma physics—the behavior of the superheated gases at the heart of fusion devices. This knowledge will enable the creation and control of fusion fuel under conditions required for future power plants. Our progress is exemplified by breakthroughs at the National Ignition Facility and the Joint European Torus.
Takeshi Higashijima, Kenjiro Obara, Kiyoshi Shibanuma, Koichi Koizumi, Kazuhiro Kobayashi, Yasuhisa Oya, Wataru Shu, Takumi Hayashi, Masataka Nishi
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 41 | Number 3 | May 2002 | Pages 731-735
Decontamination and Waste | Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Tritium Science and Technology Tsukuba, Japan November 12-16, 2001 | doi.org/10.13182/FST02-A22683
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Typical materials and elements such as carbon steel, grease lubricant, electric cable and AC servomotor for the ITER remote maintenance equipment were exposed to a tritiated moisture environment to choose the appropriate materials from the viewpoint of tritium contamination / decontamination and to contribute to the structural and maintenance design of the remote maintenance equipment. After the test samples were exposed, the concentrations of tritium adsorbed on the samples were measured and decontamination experiments using gas purges with three different moisture concentrations were performed. It was found that metallic oxidized layer (Fe3O4 coated on S45C, slightly rusted SS400, rusted Cu of electric connector of the AC servomotor) adsorbs larger amount of tritiated moisture. Grease lubricant was highly contaminated in proportion to the exposed surface area of the pasted layer. Cable jacket (cross-linked polyethylene) was also highly contaminated in spite of hydrophobicity. This is probably because the jacket contains the filler “white carbon (SiO2·nH2O)” which adsorbs large amount of moisture. Internal parts of the AC servomotor were contaminated in the same level as the outer surface, because tritiated moisture goes into the inside through the sealing gap between casing and brackets.