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Darleane C. Hoffman, transuranium element pioneer, dies at age 98
Hoffman
Nuclear chemist Darleane D. Hoffman, who was renowned for her research on transuranium elements that advanced the understanding of nuclear fission, died on September 4 at her home in Menlo Park, Calif. She was 98.
Iowa origins: Hoffman was born on November 8, 1926, in Terril, Ia. She attended Iowa State University, where she earned a bachelor’s degree in chemistry in 1948 and a doctorate in physical (or nuclear) chemistry in 1951. She then began working as a chemist at Oak Ridge National Laboratory.
Los Alamos research: In 1953, Hoffman began a research position at Los Alamos National Laboratory, where she conducted pioneering work on spontaneous fission. She served as the lab’s first female division leader in charge of the Chemistry and Nuclear Chemistry Division.
W. M. Stacey,* J. A. Favorite, M. J. Belanger, R. D. Granberg, S. L. Grimm, F. A. Kelly, S. Klima, J. S. Lahr, E. D. Mckamey, M. S. Mckinley, G. M. Nicholson, D. C. Norris, R. Rubilar, Z. L. Sasnett, G. J. Shott, M. J. Stinson, M. R. Sutton, A. H. Thatcher, R. J. Turmel, K. G. Veinot
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 32 | Number 4 | December 1997 | Pages 563-589
Technical Paper | Special Section: Plasma Control Issues for Tokamaks / Nonelectrical Application | doi.org/10.13182/FST97-A19905
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A concept is presented for a fusion neutron source based tritium production reactor called the Tokamak Tritium Production Reactor (TTPR), which could meet the U.S. needs for replenishment of weapons tritium during the first half of the next century. The TTPR concept is based on physics and technology that either exists or is being developed and will be tested under integrated, prototypical conditions in the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER). The TTPR can provide 2 kg/yr tritium for weapons replenishment operating at a fusion power level of 500 to 1000 MW and at a plant factor of 10 to 25%. No structural component should need to be replaced because of radiation damage during the 40-yr lifetime of the TTPR, and it should be possible to dispose of the TTPR on decommissioning as low-level waste that qualifies for shallow land burial.