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Fusion energy: Progress, partnerships, and the path to deployment
Over the past decade, fusion energy has moved decisively from scientific aspiration toward a credible pathway to a new energy technology. Thanks to long-term federal support, we have significantly advanced our fundamental understanding of plasma physics—the behavior of the superheated gases at the heart of fusion devices. This knowledge will enable the creation and control of fusion fuel under conditions required for future power plants. Our progress is exemplified by breakthroughs at the National Ignition Facility and the Joint European Torus.
J. Li et al.
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 64 | Number 3 | September 2013 | Pages 417-423
Plenary II | Proceedings of the Twentieth Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy (TOFE-2012) (Part 2) Nashville, Tennessee, August 27-31, 2012 | doi.org/10.13182/FST13-A19131
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) was built to demonstrate high power, long pulse operation under fusion relevant conditions, and provide a viable platform for next-step steady-state magnetic confinement fusion development. Significant progress has been made in EAST on both technology and physics fronts, achieving full plasma current of 1 MA, long pulse operation over 400 s, entirely driven by Lower Hybrid Current Drive (LHCD), and high confinement plasmas, i.e., H-modes, over 30 s with combined operation of LHCD and Ion Cyclotron Resonant Heating (ICRH). New and exciting physics with dominant RF heating has started to emerge, as evidenced by new findings on LHCD-induced 3D edge magnetic topology, new small Edge Localized Mode (ELM) regime and role of zonal flows during the L-H transition, etc. Various means for mitigating ELMs have also been explored to facilitate long pulse operation, including SMBI, D2 pellet injection, as well as innovative solid Li granule injection. A brief overview of these recent advances is presented.