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Conference Spotlight
Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
Standards Program
The Standards Committee is responsible for the development and maintenance of voluntary consensus standards that address the design, analysis, and operation of components, systems, and facilities related to the application of nuclear science and technology. Find out What’s New, check out the Standards Store, or Get Involved today!
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Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
The RAIN scale: A good intention that falls short
Radiation protection specialists agree that clear communication of radiation risks remains a vexing challenge that cannot be solved solely by finding new ways to convey technical information.
Earlier this year, an article in Nuclear News described a new radiation risk communication tool, known as the Radiation Index, or, RAIN (“Let it RAIN: A new approach to radiation communication,” NN, Jan. 2025, p. 36). The authors of the article created the RAIN scale to improve radiation risk communication to the general public who are not well-versed in important aspects of radiation exposures, including radiation dose quantities, units, and values; associated health consequences; and the benefits derived from radiation exposures.
T. Kobayashi et al.
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 63 | Number 1 | May 2013 | Pages 160-163
doi.org/10.13182/FST13-A16895
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A dual frequency (110 GHz and 138 GHz) ECRF system development began for JT-60SA. A gyrotron output power and efficiency higher than 1 MW and 30% with a peak heat load at cavity lower than 1.4 kW/cm2 were obtained for both frequencies in calculation. Mode conversion efficiency of the quasi-optical mode converter sufficiently high for long pulse operation at 1 MW (96.8% for 110GHz and 98.3% for 138GHz) was also obtained in calculation. In the first conditioning operation of the newly fabricated gyrotron, an output power of 1.1 MW was obtained for 100 ms with an efficiency of 32% at 110 GHz.
