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College students help develop waste-measuring device at Hanford
A partnership between Washington River Protection Solutions (WRPS) and Washington State University has resulted in the development of a device to measure radioactive and chemical tank waste at the Hanford Site. WRPS is the contractor at Hanford for the Department of Energy’s Office of Environmental Management.
A. V. Arzhannikov et al.
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 63 | Number 1 | May 2013 | Pages 82-87
doi.org/10.13182/FST13-A16878
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Sub-mm radiation can be generated by conversion of plasma waves into electromagnetic (EM) radiation at strong Langmuir turbulence (LT) via the two-stream instability induced by a high current relativistic electron beam (REB). A plasmon scattering on plasma density fluctuations produces EM emission at the plasma frequency p (“p process”). Nonlinear plasmon-plasmon merging results in the generation of photons nearby the 2nd harmonic of the plasma frequency 2p (2p process”). For plasma densities 1020-1021 m-3, these frequencies are in the range of sub-mm waves: 180-566 GHz. The power density of sub-mm-wave emission from plasmas in the multi-mirror trap GOL-3 (BINP) during injection of a 10-s-REB at plasma densities ne [approximately equal] (1-5)1020 m-3, electron temperatures Te [approximately equal] 1-3 keV and magnetic field B [approximately equal] 4 T was measured to be up to 1 kW/cm3 in the frequency band above 100 GHz.To calculate the second harmonic emission power from turbulent magnetized plasma we use the model of coalescence of two upper-hybrid waves. Results of these calculations and measured power are in good coincidence in the investigated area of plasma density.