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Fusion energy: Progress, partnerships, and the path to deployment
Over the past decade, fusion energy has moved decisively from scientific aspiration toward a credible pathway to a new energy technology. Thanks to long-term federal support, we have significantly advanced our fundamental understanding of plasma physics—the behavior of the superheated gases at the heart of fusion devices. This knowledge will enable the creation and control of fusion fuel under conditions required for future power plants. Our progress is exemplified by breakthroughs at the National Ignition Facility and the Joint European Torus.
David R. Boris, Zhenqiang Ma, Hao-Chih Yuan, Robert P. Ashley, John F. Santarius, Gerald L. Kulcinski, Clayton Dickerson, Todd Allen
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 52 | Number 4 | November 2007 | Pages 1066-1069
Technical Paper | Plasma Engineering and Diagnostics | doi.org/10.13182/FST07-A1637
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Using a single junction PIN (p-type, intrinsic, n-type) diode, made of silicon, and doped with boron and phosphorus, high energy protons have been converted to electricity, through ionization from electronic stopping in the silicon, at an efficiency of 0.2%. A simulation of 3.02 MeV D-D protons has been performed, using a 3 MeV linear accelerator. Proton fluxes of ~3 × 1010 protonscm-2×s-1 were incident on a PIN diode with 0.7 cm2 of surface area facing the incident protons. Losses in efficiency as a function of proton fluence are compared with dpa (displacements per atom) rates calculated using the Monte Carlo ion transport code TRIM (Transport and Ranges of Ions in Matter).