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Fusion energy: Progress, partnerships, and the path to deployment
Over the past decade, fusion energy has moved decisively from scientific aspiration toward a credible pathway to a new energy technology. Thanks to long-term federal support, we have significantly advanced our fundamental understanding of plasma physics—the behavior of the superheated gases at the heart of fusion devices. This knowledge will enable the creation and control of fusion fuel under conditions required for future power plants. Our progress is exemplified by breakthroughs at the National Ignition Facility and the Joint European Torus.
Hyoungil Kim, Jaafar El-Awady, Jennifer Quan, Shahram Sharafat, Vijay Gupta, Nasr Ghoniem
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 52 | Number 4 | November 2007 | Pages 875-879
Technical Paper | First Wall, Blanket, and Shield | doi.org/10.13182/FST07-A1603
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The High Average Power Laser (HAPL) project is pursuing development of an IFE power reactor using a solid first wall chamber. Tungsten has been chosen as the primary candidate armor material protecting the low activation ferritic steel chamber wall structure. The tungsten armor is less than 1-mm thick and is applied by vacuum plasma spraying (VPS). The failure strength of the tungsten-armor is critical, which is measured using a state-of-the-art spallation technology developed at UCLA. A nano-second laser is used to propagate a compression/tension stress wave through the composite layered structure. The tensile strength in the coating is then related to the displacement velocity of the free surface of the tungsten coating. VPS tungsten coated steel samples were tested using the laser spallation technique and coating strengths were evaluated and are reported.