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Fusion energy: Progress, partnerships, and the path to deployment
Over the past decade, fusion energy has moved decisively from scientific aspiration toward a credible pathway to a new energy technology. Thanks to long-term federal support, we have significantly advanced our fundamental understanding of plasma physics—the behavior of the superheated gases at the heart of fusion devices. This knowledge will enable the creation and control of fusion fuel under conditions required for future power plants. Our progress is exemplified by breakthroughs at the National Ignition Facility and the Joint European Torus.
K. Katayama, T. Okamura, K. Imaoka, M. Sasaki, Y. Uchida, M. Nishikawa, S. Fukada
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 52 | Number 3 | October 2007 | Pages 640-644
Technical Paper | First Wall, Blanket, and Shield | doi.org/10.13182/FST07-A1561
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Carbon based material and tungsten are used in ITER as plasma facing materials in the divertor region. Presumably, carbon-tungsten mixed materials will be formed on the surface of the inner components of the vacuum vessel. Therefore, it is necessary to understand incorporation phenomena of hydrogen into carbon-tungsten mixed materials. In this study, carbon-tungsten co-deposition layers were formed by sputtering method using hydrogen RF plasma. Hydrogen incorporation was investigated as a function of atomic ratio of carbon and tungsten contained in the layer. The obtained hydrogen retention was in the range between 0.16 and 0.83 as H/(C+W). The carbon ratio dependence on hydrogen incorporation was not observed. It was found that the release behavior of the incorporated hydrogen changes depending on the atomic ratio of C and W in the layer.