ANS is committed to advancing, fostering, and promoting the development and application of nuclear sciences and technologies to benefit society.
Explore the many uses for nuclear science and its impact on energy, the environment, healthcare, food, and more.
Explore membership for yourself or for your organization.
Conference Spotlight
Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
Standards Program
The Standards Committee is responsible for the development and maintenance of voluntary consensus standards that address the design, analysis, and operation of components, systems, and facilities related to the application of nuclear science and technology. Find out What’s New, check out the Standards Store, or Get Involved today!
Latest Magazine Issues
Jun 2025
Jan 2025
Latest Journal Issues
Nuclear Science and Engineering
August 2025
Nuclear Technology
Fusion Science and Technology
July 2025
Latest News
World Bank, IAEA partner to fund nuclear energy
The World Bank and the International Atomic Energy Agency signed an agreement last week to cooperate on the construction and financing of advanced nuclear projects in developing countries, marking the first partnership since the bank ended its ban on funding for nuclear energy projects.
L. Bühler
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 52 | Number 3 | October 2007 | Pages 595-602
Technical Paper | First Wall, Blanket, and Shield | doi.org/10.13182/FST07-A1553
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
In a systematic parametric study 3D MHD flows in expansions of rectangular ducts with different expansion ratios, expansion lengths, and various wall conductivities are analyzed for fusion relevant parameters in order to establish a data base useful for the design of liquid metal blankets for fusion reactors. In currently considered helium-cooled liquid metal blankets the liquid metal velocities are very small so that inertia is often negligible in comparison with the electromagnetic forces. In the core of the flow the major balance of forces establishes between pressure and Lorentz forces while viscous forces are confined to very thin boundary layers along the duct walls. Near the expansion an intense exchange of flow between the upstream and downstream cores with the corresponding side layers is observed. At the expansion a large fraction of the flow is carried by these thin layers along the side walls. This effect becomes more pronounced with decreasing the length of the expansion region. The three-dimensional flow near the expansion gives rise to additional electric currents, which are responsible for higher pressure drop compared with fully developed conditions. This additional pressure drop and the flow partitioning between cores and side layers are investigated in detail depending on the relevant governing parameters.