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WIPP: Lessons in transportation safety
As part of a future consent-based approach by the federal government to site new deep geologic repositories for nuclear waste, local communities and states that are considering hosting such facilities are sure to have many questions. Currently, the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant in New Mexico is the only example of such a repository in operation, and it offers the opportunity for state and local officials to visit and judge for themselves the risks and benefits of hosting a similar facility. But its history can also provide lessons for these officials, particularly the political process leading up to the opening of WIPP, the safety of WIPP operations and transportation of waste from generator facilities to the site, and the economic impacts the project has had on the local area of Carlsbad, as well as the rest of the state of New Mexico.
Yasutaka Harai, Takayuki Shimizu, Hiroshi Irisa, Shinji Ebara, Takehiko Yokomine, Akihiko Shimizu
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 52 | Number 3 | October 2007 | Pages 549-553
Technical Paper | The Technology of Fusion Energy - High Heat Flux Components | doi.org/10.13182/FST07-A1546
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
In the high flux test module of IFMIF using gaseous helium as coolant, temperature control with high accuracy is required for irradiated specimens and proper flow control is indispensable for this purpose. We have proposed a porous-type manifold which is used as a flow distributor of coolant entering an irradiation region of the module. The manifold is comprised of a straightener part with porous plates located upstream of the irradiated region and a bifurcation part into four cooling channels just before entering the region. In this study, we manufactured a mock-up of the manifold and performed fluid flow experiment by varying the porous plates inserted in the straightener part. The most controversial part of development of the manifold is whether velocity profiles in the four channels after passing the manifold become the same. In the experiment, distribution of the flow rate into the four channels was sufficiently achieved, but this was considered due to not the porous plates but a geometrical configuration of the bifurcation part. The porous plates contributed to the velocity profile. The velocity profile was remarkably changed by the porous plates and made spatially uniform.