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WIPP: Lessons in transportation safety
As part of a future consent-based approach by the federal government to site new deep geologic repositories for nuclear waste, local communities and states that are considering hosting such facilities are sure to have many questions. Currently, the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant in New Mexico is the only example of such a repository in operation, and it offers the opportunity for state and local officials to visit and judge for themselves the risks and benefits of hosting a similar facility. But its history can also provide lessons for these officials, particularly the political process leading up to the opening of WIPP, the safety of WIPP operations and transportation of waste from generator facilities to the site, and the economic impacts the project has had on the local area of Carlsbad, as well as the rest of the state of New Mexico.
L. Crosatti, D. L. Sadowski, J. B. Weathers, S. I. Abdel-Khalik, M. Yoda, ARIES Team
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 52 | Number 3 | October 2007 | Pages 531-538
Technical Paper | The Technology of Fusion Energy - High Heat Flux Components | doi.org/10.13182/FST07-A1543
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
As a part of the ARIES-CS compact stellarator power plant study, a modular, helium-cooled, T-tube divertor design that can accommodate a peak heat load of 10 MW/m2 has been proposed. Detailed analyses have been performed using the FLUENT[registered] CFD software package to evaluate the thermal performance at the nominal design and operating conditions. Extremely high heat transfer coefficients (>40 kW/(m2-K)) have been predicted. An experimental investigation has been undertaken to validate the results of the numerical simulations. A test module which closely simulates the geometry of the proposed He-cooled T-tube divertor has been tested using air as the coolant while maintaining the same non-dimensional parameter ranges as the He-cooled T-tube divertor design. Axial and azimuthal variations of the local heat transfer coefficient have been measured over a wide range of operating conditions. The experimental data closely match the model predictions. The results of this investigation show that the model can be used with confidence in future design analyses of the T-tube divertor, as well as similar types of gas-cooled high heat flux components.