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Conference Spotlight
Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
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The Standards Committee is responsible for the development and maintenance of voluntary consensus standards that address the design, analysis, and operation of components, systems, and facilities related to the application of nuclear science and technology. Find out What’s New, check out the Standards Store, or Get Involved today!
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Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
The RAIN scale: A good intention that falls short
Radiation protection specialists agree that clear communication of radiation risks remains a vexing challenge that cannot be solved solely by finding new ways to convey technical information.
Earlier this year, an article in Nuclear News described a new radiation risk communication tool, known as the Radiation Index, or, RAIN (“Let it RAIN: A new approach to radiation communication,” NN, Jan. 2025, p. 36). The authors of the article created the RAIN scale to improve radiation risk communication to the general public who are not well-versed in important aspects of radiation exposures, including radiation dose quantities, units, and values; associated health consequences; and the benefits derived from radiation exposures.
V. Novak, S. I. Abdel-Khalik, D. L. Sadowski, K. G. Schoonover
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 52 | Number 3 | October 2007 | Pages 483-488
Technical Paper | The Technology of Fusion Energy - Inertial Fusion Technology: Targets and Chambers | doi.org/10.13182/FST07-A1535
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
An experimental investigation has been conducted to examine nozzle-generated, gas/liquid mist cooling with ultra-thin, evaporating liquid films as a cooling mechanism for the Electra KrF laser dual-foil hibachi structure. Experiments have been conducted within the Electra KrF laser using a prototypical dual-foil hibachi structure cooled with either forced convection air or an air/water mist. Test runs up to 10,000 shots at 5 Hz have been successfully performed. Mist cooling results for a moderate air velocity of 15 m/s and a water mass fraction of 15% show that the hibachi foils can be maintained below 150 °C when operated at full power pulsed conditions. The data indicate that mist cooling can decrease foil cooling time constant by nearly an order of magnitude compared to forced convection using air only.
