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Fukiushima Daiichi: 10 years on
The Fukushima Daiichi site before the accident. All images are provided courtesy of TEPCO unless noted otherwise.
It was a rather normal day back on March 11, 2011, at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear plant before 2:45 p.m. That was the time when the Great Tohoku Earthquake struck, followed by a massive tsunami that caused three reactor meltdowns and forever changed the nuclear power industry in Japan and worldwide. Now, 10 years later, much has been learned and done to improve nuclear safety, and despite many challenges, significant progress is being made to decontaminate and defuel the extensively damaged Fukushima Daiichi reactor site. This is a summary of what happened, progress to date, current situation, and the outlook for the future there.
K. Takahashi, N. Kobayashi, J. Ohmori, S. Suzuki, A. Kasugai, K. Sakamoto
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 52 | Number 2 | August 2007 | Pages 266-280
Technical Paper | Electron Cyclotron Wave Physics, Technology, and Applications - Part 1 | dx.doi.org/10.13182/FST07-A1506
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Progress on design of an International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) equatorial electron cyclotron launcher with analytical and research and development studies of the components is described. The modified design of the front shield module is proposed with electromagnetic and structure analysis. The analytical investigation of the modified steering mirror design shows that maximum temperature and stress intensity are 289°C and 336 MPa on the mirror surface (copper alloy) and the inner surface of the cooling tube (Type 316 stainless steel) in the mirror, respectively. Maximum stress intensity of the spiral tube to feed cooling water to the steering mirror is calculated to be 139 MPa. These values are less than the allowable level. High heat flux irradiation experiments of the mirror mock-up and fatigue tests of the spiral tube were carried out, and their results proved that the concept of the steering mirror structure was feasible. The results on neutron irradiation tests of the composing materials for an ultrasonic motor and the alternatives such as polyimide and liquid crystal polymer indicate that the motor with those materials is available for the ITER launcher. The remote maintenance scheme of the launcher, which corresponded one-to-one with the fabrication scenario, was also introduced. A "front-access scheme" and a "rear-access scheme" are considered, and their feasibilities are discussed.
