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Conference Spotlight
Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
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Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
The RAIN scale: A good intention that falls short
Radiation protection specialists agree that clear communication of radiation risks remains a vexing challenge that cannot be solved solely by finding new ways to convey technical information.
Earlier this year, an article in Nuclear News described a new radiation risk communication tool, known as the Radiation Index, or, RAIN (“Let it RAIN: A new approach to radiation communication,” NN, Jan. 2025, p. 36). The authors of the article created the RAIN scale to improve radiation risk communication to the general public who are not well-versed in important aspects of radiation exposures, including radiation dose quantities, units, and values; associated health consequences; and the benefits derived from radiation exposures.
K. Shiba, H. Tanigawa, T. Hirose, T. Nakata
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 62 | Number 1 | July-August 2012 | Pages 145-149
PFC and FW Materials Technology | Proceedings of the Fifteenth International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials, Part A: Fusion Technology | doi.org/10.13182/FST12-A14127
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A toughness-improved type of F82H steel called F82H mod3 has been developed, and the material properties and irradiation behavior have been examined. The significant modification of the chemical composition is the reduction of Ti (<10 ppm) and N (<20 ppm) as impurities and the increase of Ta (0.1%) as an alloying element. The ductile-to-brittle transition temperature (DBTT) is improved to -90°C from -45°C for F82H IEA without change in strength. However, the creep rupture time of F82H mod3 was 1/10 of F82H IEA. Another feature of the F82H mod3 is the stability of the material properties. Higher temperature normalization (1080°C) degrades the DBTT only to -80°C due to grain coarsening without large change in strength. It is quite important for large-scale production of the material in high quality. Preliminary neutron irradiation experiments up to 17 dpa showed better irradiation resistance to changes in fracture toughness than F82H IEA.
