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Glass strategy: Hanford’s enhanced waste glass program
The mission of the Department of Energy’s Office of River Protection (ORP) is to complete the safe cleanup of waste resulting from decades of nuclear weapons development. One of the most technologically challenging responsibilities is the safe disposition of approximately 56 million gallons of radioactive waste historically stored in 177 tanks at the Hanford Site in Washington state.
ORP has a clear incentive to reduce the overall mission duration and cost. One pathway is to develop and deploy innovative technical solutions that can advance baseline flow sheets toward higher efficiency operations while reducing identified risks without compromising safety. Vitrification is the baseline process that will convert both high-level and low-level radioactive waste at Hanford into a stable glass waste form for long-term storage and disposal.
Although vitrification is a mature technology, there are key areas where technology can further reduce operational risks, advance baseline processes to maximize waste throughput, and provide the underpinning to enhance operational flexibility; all steps in reducing mission duration and cost.
Watanabe Osamu (19P39)
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 51 | Number 2 | February 2007 | Pages 322-324
Technical Paper | Open Magnetic Systems for Plasma Confinement | doi.org/10.13182/FST07-A1389
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
An electric field distribution of a surface normal wave on a corrugated metal plate used for a surface wave oscillator was calculated. The surface wave oscillator is formed by the corrugated metal plate and a sheet electron beam. The direction of the beam propagation is parallel to the metal plate and perpendicular to the corrugation. In the vicinity of the sinusoidal corrugated metal plate, the electromagnetic wave of the surface normal mode which propagates parallel to the plate exists. From the surface normal mode computation, it was confirmed that an electric field distribution had a periodic component to the traveling direction of the beam. Cherenkov interaction should be excited by the electron beam passing in this periodic electric field region. The surface normal wave always exists only in a slow wave region, and has backward wave with the periodic boundary condition. This interaction becomes absolute instability, because the interaction is on the backward wave of the surface normal mode in the slow wave region. A strong oscillation by the surface normal wave should be generated, because the wave can generate the absolute instability of the Cherenkov interaction.
