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Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
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Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
The RAIN scale: A good intention that falls short
Radiation protection specialists agree that clear communication of radiation risks remains a vexing challenge that cannot be solved solely by finding new ways to convey technical information.
Earlier this year, an article in Nuclear News described a new radiation risk communication tool, known as the Radiation Index, or, RAIN (“Let it RAIN: A new approach to radiation communication,” NN, Jan. 2025, p. 36). The authors of the article created the RAIN scale to improve radiation risk communication to the general public who are not well-versed in important aspects of radiation exposures, including radiation dose quantities, units, and values; associated health consequences; and the benefits derived from radiation exposures.
T. Kaneko et al. (20R04)
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 51 | Number 2 | February 2007 | Pages 154-159
Technical Paper | Open Magnetic Systems for Plasma Confinement | doi.org/10.13182/FST07-A1338
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Nonlinear electromagnetic waves generated due to the injection of high-power electromagnetic waves relating to an electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) are investigated in the GAMMA10 tandem-mirror fusion device and the QT-Upgrade laboratory device. In the GAMMA10 device, an electrostatic wave in the ion-cyclotron range of frequencies is observed around a west barrier region. During the barrier and plug electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECH), the nonlinear electromagnetic waves with the interval of the frequency corresponding to the electrostatic fluctuation are radiated from the plug region. In the QT-Upgrade laboratory device, on the other hand, the injected microwave nonlinearly interacts with an electrostatic drift-wave instability. These results in the GAMMA10 and the QT-Upgrade devices indicate the radiation of the electromagnetic waves originating from the parametric instability.
