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Fusion Science and Technology
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Glass strategy: Hanford’s enhanced waste glass program
The mission of the Department of Energy’s Office of River Protection (ORP) is to complete the safe cleanup of waste resulting from decades of nuclear weapons development. One of the most technologically challenging responsibilities is the safe disposition of approximately 56 million gallons of radioactive waste historically stored in 177 tanks at the Hanford Site in Washington state.
ORP has a clear incentive to reduce the overall mission duration and cost. One pathway is to develop and deploy innovative technical solutions that can advance baseline flow sheets toward higher efficiency operations while reducing identified risks without compromising safety. Vitrification is the baseline process that will convert both high-level and low-level radioactive waste at Hanford into a stable glass waste form for long-term storage and disposal.
Although vitrification is a mature technology, there are key areas where technology can further reduce operational risks, advance baseline processes to maximize waste throughput, and provide the underpinning to enhance operational flexibility; all steps in reducing mission duration and cost.
Y. Nakashima et al. (18R09)
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 51 | Number 2 | February 2007 | Pages 82-85
Technical Paper | Open Magnetic Systems for Plasma Confinement | doi.org/10.13182/FST07-A1320
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Behavior of edge plasma and neutral particles are described based on visible measurement by using high-speed camera performed in the GAMMA 10 tandem mirror for the first time. In the central-cell midplane of GAMMA 10, two high-speed cameras (Ultima-SE, Photron Inc. and MEMRECAM fx-K4, NAC Inc.) were mounted and detailed time behavior of visible light emission from the plasma was investigated. In the standard plasma discharges heated by ion cyclotron range of frequency (ICRF) wave, a short gas puffing of hydrogen (3 ms) close to the central-cell midplane was carried out to illuminate the plasma periphery and the time evolution of visible light emission from the gas cloud was captured precisely. The time behavior of the emission cloud localized near the gas puff port was found to be similar to that of H line intensity measured nearby. The light emission on the central-cell limiter accompanied by central electron cyclotron heating (c-ECH) showed a rotation in the direction of the electron diamagnetic drift. the light emission also indicates another rotation mechanism, such as ExB drift at a plasma collapse. Fully three-dimensional neutral transport simulation using a Monte-Carlo code DEGAS is applied to gas puff imaging experiment and the simulation results qualitatively explained the experimental result.