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Swiss nuclear power and the case for long-term operation
Designed for 40 years but built to last far longer, Switzerland’s nuclear power plants have all entered long-term operation. Yet age alone says little about safety or performance. Through continuous upgrades, strict regulatory oversight, and extensive aging management, the country’s reactors are being prepared for decades of continued operation, in line with international practice.
T. Andreeva, J. Kißlinger
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 50 | Number 2 | August 2006 | Pages 258-261
Technical Paper | Stellarators | doi.org/10.13182/FST06-A1243
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The Wendelstein 7-X stellarator, which is currently under construction in Greifswald, Germany, is a five-period machine, and many of the planned operational plasma scenarios are characterized by the rotational transform /2 = 1 at the plasma boundary. Such magnetic configurations are particularly sensitive to the symmetry-breaking perturbations caused by fabrication and assembly errors, which can occur at different stages of the device construction. Analysis of nonplanar and planar winding packs (WPs) fabricated up to the present time has confirmed the existence of a systematical portion in the manufacturing deviations. The level of the magnetic field perturbation due to the statistical part in manufacturing errors can be expected to be of order 1 × 10-4 at the end of the WP production. Validation of different assembly steps and the resulting distortion of the current path will be done on the basis of the reference point measurements. The influence of the assembly errors and corresponding uncertainties on the magnetic field perturbation is estimated for some cases.