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Smarter waste strategies: Helping deliver on the promise of advanced nuclear
At COP28, held in Dubai in 2023, a clear consensus emerged: Nuclear energy must be a cornerstone of the global clean energy transition. With electricity demand projected to soar as we decarbonize not just power but also industry, transport, and heat, the case for new nuclear is compelling. More than 20 countries committed to tripling global nuclear capacity by 2050. In the United States alone, the Department of Energy forecasts that the country’s current nuclear capacity could more than triple, adding 200 GW of new nuclear to the existing 95 GW by mid-century.
Yasuhiro Suzuki
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 59 | Number 3 | April 2011 | Page 626
Appendix A | Fourth ITER International Summer School (IISS2010) / Extended Abstracts | doi.org/10.13182/FST11-A11707
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The stellarator and heliotron are alternate candidates for magnetically confined fusion devices. A major difference is the source of the rotational transform [iota] = 1/q. In tokamaks, the rotational transform [iota] is produced by coupling the symmetric toroidal field and the poloidal field produced by the plasma current along the toroidal direction. Strictly speaking, the tokamak configuration can be assumed to be a two-dimensional (2-D) system. Note that the rotational transform does not exist for the vacuum. For stellarator and heliotron configurations, the rotational transform is produced by the shaping of flux surfaces. To shape flux surfaces, the vacuum magnetic field is produced by external coils with helical-winding laws. This means the vacuum magnetic field produced for the vacuum is intrinsically three dimensional (3-D). Thus, the plasma current is not required to make flux surfaces. This characteristic is an advantage. Since the plasma current is not necessary, disruptions do not appear and steady-state operation is possible. However, because of the 3-D plasma responses, experimental and theoretical studies become more complex.
