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Conference Spotlight
Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
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Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
The RAIN scale: A good intention that falls short
Radiation protection specialists agree that clear communication of radiation risks remains a vexing challenge that cannot be solved solely by finding new ways to convey technical information.
Earlier this year, an article in Nuclear News described a new radiation risk communication tool, known as the Radiation Index, or, RAIN (“Let it RAIN: A new approach to radiation communication,” NN, Jan. 2025, p. 36). The authors of the article created the RAIN scale to improve radiation risk communication to the general public who are not well-versed in important aspects of radiation exposures, including radiation dose quantities, units, and values; associated health consequences; and the benefits derived from radiation exposures.
I. V. Timofeev, A. V. Terekhov
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 59 | Number 1 | January 2011 | Pages 70-73
doi.org/10.13182/FST11-A11577
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Basic mechanisms of turbulent plasma heating by powerful electron beams are studied using numerical simulations. Both particle-in-cell and hybrid codes are used to investigate how beam-plasma instability evolves and saturates in the case of continuously injected electron beam. For sufficiently high plasma temperature beam driven turbulence is found to operate in the regime of the constant pump, when the saturation level of heating power is determined solely by beam nonlinearities.
